Smooth muscle fibers can sustain a contraction without fatigue by allowing dephosphorylated myosin to remain attached to actin in what is called the <u>Latch State</u>.
Latch State- Myosin cross-bridge creation with actin is prevented by dephosphorylating its RLCs, however dephosphorylating myosin that is already attached to actin slows down its off rate, creating the so-called "latch state." In the latch state, smooth muscle maintains tension while undergoing modest rates of ATP hydrolysis.
ATP hydrolysis- When the high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds in adenosine triphosphate are split, as occurs, for example, in muscles, chemical energy that has been stored in them is released. This process is known as ATP hydrolysis.
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The link where the action
potential of the nerve that meets muscle and causes it to contraction is where excitation-contraction coupling occurs. The T_tubules the
invaginate into the sarcolemma of the muscle cells are the ones that carry the excitation into the muscles. Its depolarization
causes the lateral sacs of the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release ca2+
ions. The ca2+ then bind into their site on troponin and causes the tropomyosin to shift and allow actin to expose
the binding site in which myosin head
will bind and form a cross bridge that is
important in the contraction of the muscle.
Prokaryotic organisms don’t have (membrane-bound) organelles while eukaryotic organisms do. Humans are eukaryotic
A dog meets all the characerisitcs of life in the following ways - they maintain homeostatis, are made of cells, breathe and have a metabolism, are able to reproduce, pass their traits off to their offsp they grow and change, and and respond to their environment.
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