Improved technology allows to create more goods and to increase the efficiency of providing services (answer d.) and this is they way that it increases standards of living. If there are more goods and services then more people have an access to them.
The means extremes product property of proportion states
that the product should be equal. The means product is the product of the two
inner numbers of the proportion and the extremes product is the product of the
two outer numbers of the proportion.
Ashley can state her findings as statistically significant, which means that the findings are real and cannot be explained solely by chance or random factors.
The concept of statistical significance determines whether conclusions drawn from a data set cannot be the result of chance. Additionally, statistical significance can be used by researchers to determine whether or not results are "genuine" and reliable. Higher assurance or confidence in the results is implied by high statistical significance.
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I believe the answer is: closure
Closure cause the members in a group to have underlying assumption that other people from outside their group would behave in the exact same way as their group do. Having this point of view would make them become unprepared when their collective view is challenged by differing opinion.
