Numerous examples of this human-induced contemporary evolution have been reported in a number of 'contexts', including hunting, harvesting, fishing, agriculture, medicine, climate change, pollution, eutrophication, urbanization, habitat fragmentation, biological invasions and emerging/disappearing diseases.
<em><u>There are two important types of genetic mechanisms that can give rise to antibiotic resistance: mutation and acquisition of new genetic material. In the case of mutation, the rate at which resistance develops can be attributed to the rate at which bacteria mutate.</u></em>
