The question is incomplete. Th ecomplete question is as following:
All of the following protect the skin and mucous membranes from infection EXCEPT
A) multiple layers of cells.
B) tears.
C) saliva.
D) HCl.
E) the "ciliary escalator."
Answer: D) HCl.
Explanation:
- The epidermis, the outer layer of the skin provides waterproofing and serves as a barrier to infection and other laers also sustain any type of injury.
- Tears wash out foreign bodies which enter the eye. In addition, tears contain a substance called lysozyme which has an antibacterial function and works to prevent microbial invasion and infection.
- Saliva protects against infection, especially via the innate immune system. This mechanism is an important first-line protection against bacterial and viral infection
- The mucociliar escalator is within the conducting airways and is composed of mucus and cilia that transfer the mucus up and out of the lungs where it can be removed by coughing or swallowing,
Whereas HCL helps in the digestion process.
Hence, the correct option is D.
Root hair cells are adapted for taking up water and mineral ions by having a large surface area to increase the rate of absorption. They also contain lots of mitochondria , which release energy from glucose during respiration in order to provide the energy needed for active transport.
Hope this helps, have a nice day!:)
Answer:
The offspring will also be white and homozygous.
Explanation:
If the two cats are white and homozygous where the gene B is for black color and dominant, gene b is for white color and recessive. In this case the genotypes of the two cats are going to be "bb" which can only lead to the same genotypes and phenotypes in their offspring. They will also be white and homozygous.
I hope this answer helps.
Answer:
substituition
Explanation: U HAS BEEN SUBSTITUITED BY A
Answer:
D) dorsiflexion
Explanation:
extension, lateral flexion, flexion can occur across intervertebral joints of the vertebral column. Dorsiflexion is the odd one out.
Dorsiflexion is the act of bringing the toes closer to the shin, it is also referred to as the backward bending of an individual's foot or hand. when someone is walking on the heels of their ankle, their ankle can be described to be in dorsiflexion. therefore option d answers the question.
