The <em>concept of scarcity</em> states that there will be a deficit regarding the supply of a certain good in comparison the demand for it. Therefore, a state budget must revise its current state knowing that there will always be some players who will lose benefits in the attempt of shifting the assignment of resources.
The <em>marginal analysis</em> is an examination of the additional benefits a certain activity gets compared to a number of additional resources assigned to it. It helps the state government have a better view of where to allocate resources. As there are sectors that will probably gain more benefits than others with the same assigning of resources. The key to this analysis is to now the best amount to allocate to each sector in order to get the maximum efficiency of the budget.
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Hitler wanted to punish Stalin for breaking the Nazi-Soviet Pact
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British settlement of North America began at a time when the idea that Englishmen were entitled to a special heritage of rights and liberties was quickly gaining ground. Even at its earliest stages, the colonists imported language reflecting this heritage into the legal and political arrangements of the communities they founded. In 1606, in the First Charter of Virginia, for example, King James I (reigned 1603–1625) guaranteed to the colonists and their posterity all of the “liberties, franchises, and immunities” possessed by anyone born in England. Every colonial charter included similar provisions.
The crucial importance that Sir Edward Coke attributed to Magna Carta as the basic guarantee of English rights in England was likewise reflected in the laws of the colonies. For instance, at Ipswich, Massachusetts, in 1641, Nathaniel Ward, a jurist and Puritan minister who came to America in 1634, compiled “The Body of Liberties” (later, the basis of Massachusetts law), which contained a synopsis of Magna Carta’s guarantees of freedom from unlawful imprisonment or execution, unlawful seizure of property, right to a trial by jury, and guarantee of due process of law. Over time, all of the colonies adopted language from Magna Carta to guarantee basic individual liberties.
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