Seismic activity, weather, erosion, and mishandling are a couple. Need anymore let me know
When cloning by restriction digest and ligation, you use restriction enzymes to cut open a plasmid (backbone) and insert a linear fragment of DNA (insert) that has been cut by compatible restriction enzymes. An enzyme, DNA ligase, then covalently binds the plasmid to the new fragment thereby generating a complete, circular plasmid that can be easily maintained in a variety of biological systems. Read on for an in-depth breakdown of how to do perform restriction digests.
This is called a chemical bond.
Animals such as bees or wind can carry pollen from one flower to another flower and fertilize the plant that way. Plants can also self-pollinate which happens when a plant’s own pollen fertilizes its own ovules.
Because we have carbon in the ground in the air and every were else
