As electrons move along the chain, hydrogen ion are pumped from the stroma of the chloroplast into thylakoid lumen. these leads to creation of proton gradient in thylakoid lumen with the potential energy that will be used to synthesize ATP by enzyme ATPase in the process referred to as rotational catalysis. both chloroplast and mitochondria use electron transport chain to pump protons across the membrane and both enzyme ATPase to produce ATP using proton gradient created in the process of transport of hydrogen ions. the main existing between the electron transport chains of chloroplast and mitochondria is the initial source of energy. chloroplasts obtain their energy from sunlight whereas mitochondria obtain theirs from organic molecules.
Significance of the birds in the old man
<span>Distance is a scalar quantity that refers to "how much ground an object has covered" during its motion. Displacement is a vector quantity that refers to "how far out of place an object is"; it is the object's overall change in position.</span>
Answer:
d. $48
Explanation:
1 year = 12% = 0.12
2 years = 12% × 2
2 years = 24% = 0.24
24% of $200 = 0.24 × 200
24% of $200 = $48
Therefore the interest on $200 for 2 years is $48
:)
Answer:
(a) Gg × Gg; (b) genotypic = 1:2:1, phenotypic = 3:1
Explanation:
a) A cross between two gray seeded plants produces progeny with gray and white seeds in 3:1 ratio (302:98=3:1). This means that the parent plants are heterozygous and each has at least one recessive allele. If the allele "G" is responsible for gray seed and the allele "g" imparts white color to the seeds, the genotype of the heterozygous parents would be "Gg".
b) A cross between two heterozygous gray seeded parents would produce progeny in following ratio:
Genotype ratio= 1 GG: 2 Gg: 1 gg
Phenotype ratio= 3 Gray: 1 white
