Based on the nature of proton gradient, (A) is false, but (R) is true.
<h3>What is a proton gradient?</h3>
A proton gradient is a gradient that exists due to difference in proton concentration between the inner and outer mitochondrial matrix.
An assertion is a statement or claim stating a given position.
- Assertion (A): A proton gradient cannot be established in the mitochondria.
- Reason (R): Hydrogen molecules are pumped out of an internal space (the matrix) in the mitochondria.
The assertion, A, is false because a proton gradient is established in the mitochondria due to the function of the proton pump which pumps out protons from the inner mitochondrial matrix to the outer membrane.
The reason, R is true as hydrogen molecules are pumped out of an internal space (the matrix) in the mitochondria by the proton pump.
Therefore, (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Learn more about proton gradient at: brainly.com/question/1602075
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