The transition from desirable ethics to internal values to actual behavior is internalization of ethical issues and looking inward to ones values.
The American pre-civil war got very wide spread because people started protesting toward the government. Slavery was a big issue because the south slaves were not free but the other part of the state which is north america made slaves free. There was speeches that started to encourage slavery to stop because of the treatment of the slaves and that everyone should be equal throughout the country.
Children will associate there unacceptable behaviour with getting spanked, and the purpose is to dissuade them from partaking in that behaviour in the future.
I don’t see answer choices but it does sound similar to confirmation bias.