Answer:
1. replication
2. gene
3. strand polarity
4. translation
5. complementary base pairing
6. chromosome
7. antiparallel
8. transcription
9. allele
Explanation:
1. Replication is the process by which DNA is duplicated or the process of making another copy of DNA.
2. Gene is the physical unit of heredity i.e a segment of DNA transferred from parents to offsprings. A gene also encodes a useful products such as protein.
3. A DNA strand is a polar molecule, which is attributed to the phosphate group at the 5'-end of DNA and the hydroxyl group at the 3'-end of DNA.
4. Translation is the process whereby the information in a mRNA molecule is used to synthesize a protein.
5. Complementary base pairing is a phenomenon whereby Adenine (A) binds to thymine (T), guanine (G) binds to cytosine (C).
6. A chromosome contains of single long molecule of DNA coiled together around histone proteins. The chromosome is associated with different types of proteins.
7. In the double-stranded DNA molecule, one strand runs from 5' to 3' and the other runs from 3' to 5'. This is called ANTIPARALLEL nature of DNA.
8. Transcription is the process by which a DNA molecule is used to synthesize a mRNA single strand.
9. Allele is the alternative or contrasting form of a gene. Each allele is contributed by each parent
Fungi cell walls are made of chitin and other polysaccharides, not cellulose (Plants) or protein (Animals). Therefore your answer is-
"The cell walls of fungi are different than the cell walls of plants because they contain the hard material of chitin"
Principle of Dominance was given by Sir Gregor Johann Mendel.
<h3><u>Explanation:</u></h3>
Principle of Dominance was given by Sir Gregor Johann Mendel as a conclusion of the monohybrid cross between the different characteristic pea plants. It says that in an organism which is heterozygous for a particular character, only the dominant trait is able to express as a phenotype, not the recessive one. In other words, the recessive allele is completely masked by the presence of the dominant allele. This leads to same phenotype of a homozygous dominant organism and a heterozygous organism.
To test the organism about its heterozygosity, the organism is led through a test cross where the organism is crossed with a recessive organism. If the F1 offsprings are all dominant, then the organism is homozygous dominant, and if the F1 offsprings are of half dominant and half recessive phenotype, then the organism is heterozygous.
