Directional selection favors one of the extreme phenotypes. Option B). Fewer plants with thin seed coats will be able to germinate, leading to a higher proportion of plants that produce seeds with thick seed coats.
<h3>What is directional selection?</h3>
Directional selection increases in the proportion of individuals with an extreme phenotypic trait.
There must be a selective pressure or environmental pressure acting on populations to lead the species to increase the number of individuals expressing that extreme phenotype.
This selection presents more frequently in those cases in which interactions between living organisms and the environment modify in the same direction.
In the exposed example the environmental pressure is drought during several years.
Drought periods decreases the fitness of plants that produce thin seed coats because they dehydrate before germinating.
Originally the population expressed both types of seeds. But after the drought pressure, only plants that produce seeds with thicker coats got to survive and reproduce.
The correct option is B). Fewer plants with thin seed coats will be able to germinate, leading to a higher proportion of plants that produce seeds with thick seed coats.
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