Answer:
d. It is best measured using the statistic variance inflation factor (VIF).
Explanation:
Multicollinearity is an important issue in multiple regression model, having many independent/ explanatory variables. Multicollinearity is the situation in which two or more independent variables are highly correlated. It is problematic because it increases the standard error of independent variable coefficient & undermines its statistical significance
Variance Inflation Factor [VIF] is a check & corrective measure of multicollinearity.
- VIF as a multicollinearity check : It quantifies the correlation between one explanatory variable with other explanatory variables.VIF = 1 implies there is no multicollinearity (correlation between independent variables); VIF upto 5 implies there is moderate multicollinearity (correlation between independent variables). VIF > 5 implies high multicollinearity (correlation between independent variables)
- VIF as a multicollinearity correction : Calculating
= σ^2 / ![[TSS j (1 - R^2j)]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5BTSS%20j%20%281%20-%20R%5E2j%29%5D)
; where TSS = total sum of square of variable j , σ^2 = j variance, R^2 j = R^2 from regressing all other independent variable on variable j
Incontestability clause - This tells us the insurance company may not contest the validity of the policy during the insured's lifetime for any reason, including fraud, if the policy has been in effect for a predetermined duration
What is incontestability clause?
An incontestability clause in a life insurance policy safeguards the policyholder and forbids the insurer from changing any aspect of the insurance coverage as a result of a misinterpretation or false statements made by the insured (the policyholder) after a certain amount of time. A life insurance policy's provider cannot revoke any statement after a specified period of time thanks to an incontestability provision. This provision is frequently regarded as offering policyholders the most robust defense.
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Answer:
The markup calculated as a result of information about the elasticity of demand
Explanation:
As a monopoly seller of pharmaceutical products the price set as markup would be above our marginal cost.
There are three facts about markup:
1. The Markup is not to be a price below marginal cost of the pharmaceutical product.
2. Markup is smaller when demand is more elastic. Remember if the price elasticity of demand is lower than 1, (negative) a rise in price causes an
increase in revenue for the seller.
Therefore having a -4 elasticity of demand could imply more profits for the firm.
Answer:
I would prefer Asset B
Explanation:
A risk averse investor is the one who prefers lower amount of returns with known or specific risks instead of the higher amount of returns with unknown risks. So, from among the various level of risks, the investor will be preferring the alternative with the least interest.
So, in this case,
In Asset A: pay a return of $2,000 and at 20% of time and the $500 at 80% of time.
In Asset B: pay a return of $1,000 and at 50% of time and the $600 at 50% of time.
So, I would prefer, Asset B as it has low return but have a known risk that is of 50 -50.
When the current output is more than the potential output the fed is likely to enact decreasing reserves to increase interest rates.
The reason why they would have to do this is based on the fact that when the actual output in the economy is more than the potential output, It means that there is an inflationary gap.
In order to close this gap, the fed would have to reduce the aggregate demand, thereby raising the rate of interest. This would in turn lead to the fall in consumption and fall in saving.
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