<span>Newton first law is called inertia, or the force an object has to resist unbalanced forces that are placed upon it. The more mass an object has, the more inertia an object has. The less mass an object has, the less inertia an object has.</span>
Answer:
a. resolve the branching patterns (evolutionary history) of the Lophotrochozoa
b. (the same, it is repeated)
Explanation:
Nemertios (ribbon worms) and foronids (horseshoe worms) are closely related groups of lofotrocozoa. Lofotrocozoans, or simply trocozoans (= tribomastic celomados with trocophoric larva) are a group of animals that includes annelids, molluscs, endoprocts, brachiopods and other invertebrates. They represent a crucial superphylum for our understanding of the evolution of bilateral symmetry animals. However, given the inconsistency between molecular and morphological data for these groups, their origins were not entirely clear. In the work linked above, the first records of genomes of the Nemertine worm Notospermus geniculatus and the foronid Phoronis australis are presented, along with transcriptomes along the adult bodies. Our phylogenetic analyzes based on the genome place Nemertinos as the sister group of the taxon that contains Phoronidea and Brachiopoda. It is shown that lofotrocozoans share many families of genes with deuterotomes, suggesting that these two groups retain a common genetic repertoire of bilaterals that do not possess ecdisozoans (arthropods, nematodes) or platizoos (platelets, sydermats). Comparative transcriptomics demonstrates that foronid and brachiopod lofophores are similar not only morphologically, but also at the molecular level. Although the lofophore and vertebrates show very different cephalic structures, the lofophorees express the vertebrate head genes and neuronal marker genes. This finding suggests a common origin of the bilaterial pattern of the head, although different types of head will evolve independently in each lineage. In addition, we recorded innate immunity expansions of lineage-specific and toxin-related genes in both lofotrocozoa and deuterostomes. Together, this study reveals a dual nature of lofotrocozoans, in which the conserved and specific characteristics of the lineage shape their evolution.
Answer:
These organisms should be adapted to live in this enviroment, i.e., they need to have adaptations to breathe, to swim (fins), streamlined bodies to move through the water, to eat the food found in the region, etc. Moreover, in this environment, the diversity tends to be high because marine regions are often characterized by their richness.
The steps that the U.S has recently taken to counter cyber crime include; Setting up a system of voluntary cyber-security standards, and also opening a new center dedicated to managing cyber activities. Cyber crimes are crimes that involves a network and a computer, a computer is used as an instrument of further illegal ends. Cyber crimes may threaten a person or a nation's security and financial health.
