1- Only a member of congress can introduce a bill - (D)
Each of the 435 members of the House Of Representatives is elected to serve a two-year term representing the people of his district. Each state, regardless of its size, has at least one congressman. Each of the 100 members of the Senate is elected to serve a six-year term representing the people of his state.
2- Based on the state's population - (B)
A state's representation in the United States' House of Representatives is based most specifically on the state's population, and each state is guaranteed at least one representative.
The one that differentiates Christopher columbus from Bartolomeu Dias is : Columbus planned to reach Asia by sailing west across Atlantic Ocean, while Dias hope to reach Asia by sailing around Africa and through the Indian Ocean.