Question

Introns must be removed prior to translation of the mRNA. In addition, eukaryotic transcripts (mRNA) have to undergo two more steps before it can be translated. What are these steps?

Answer 1

Eukaryotic transcripts (mRNA) have to undergo capping and splicing before it can be translated.

RNA processing:

1. An RNA transcript is first produced in a eukaryotic cell as a pre-mRNA, which needs to be converted into a messenger RNA (mRNA).

2. The RNA transcript is given a 5' cap at the start and a 3' poly-A tail at the end.

3. The process of splicing involves cutting out some RNA transcript segments (introns), then joining the remaining segments (exons) back together.

4. Some genes have the ability to alternate splices, which produces various mature mRNA molecules from the same beginning transcript.

The introns not only do not contain the information necessary to construct a protein, but they also need to be cut off in order for the mRNA to create a protein with the correct sequence. An mRNA with extra "junk" in it will be created if the spliceosome fails to remove an intron, and the translation process will result in the production of the incorrect protein.

Learn more about RNA transcript here:

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