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The 1838 Treaty of Balta Liman, or the Anglo-Ottoman Treaty, is a formal trade agreement signed between the Sublime Porte of the Ottoman Empire and Great Britain. The trade policies imposed upon the Ottoman Empire, after the Treaty of Balta Liman, were some of the most liberal, open market, settlements that had ever been enacted during the time. The terms of the treaty stated that, the Ottoman Empire will abolish all monopolies, allow British merchants and their collaborators to have full access to all Ottoman markets and will be taxed equally to local merchants.These agreements did not constitute an equal free trade arrangement, as the United Kingdom still employed protectionist policies on their agricultural markets.
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Federalism is the distribution of power between the federal government and state ... over the balance of power between national and state governments. ... to act directly on behalf of the people with the authority granted to it by the national ... powers not given to the federal government are reserved to the states or the people.
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Natural resources, more land, mercantilism...
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The Great Migration
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The Great Migration was the relocation of more than 6 million African Americans from the rural South to the cities of the North, Midwest and West from about 1916 to 1970. Driven from their homes by unsatisfactory economic opportunities and harsh segregationist laws, many blacks headed north, where they took advantage of the need for industrial workers that arose during the First World War. During the Great Migration, African Americans began to build a new place for themselves in public life, actively confronting racial prejudice as well as economic, political and social challenges to create a black urban culture that would exert enormous influence in the decades to come.
Christianity spread to cities, Islam also spread in africa. Arabic replaced Latin, Muslim civilizations blossomed and became famous for mosques and universities