Answer:
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is one of the two components of the nervous system, the other part is the central nervous system (CNS). The PNS consists of the nerves and ganglia outside the brain and spinal cord.[1] The main function of the PNS is to connect the CNS to the limbs and organs, essentially serving as a relay between the brain and spinal cord and the rest of the body.[2] Unlike the CNS, the PNS is not protected by the vertebral column and skull, or by the blood–brain barrier, which leaves it exposed to toxins and mechanical injuries. The peripheral nervous system is divided into the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. In the somatic nervous system, the cranial nerves are part of the PNS with the exception of the optic nerve(cranial nerve II), along with the retina. The second cranial nerve is not a true peripheral nerve but a tract of the diencephalon.[3]Cranial nerve ganglia originated in the CNS. However, the remaining ten cranial nerve axons extend beyond the brain and are therefore considered part of the PNS.[4] The autonomic nervous system is an involuntary control of smooth muscle and glands. The connection between CNS and organs allows the system to be in two different functional states: sympathetic and parasympathetic
Explanation:
<span>Cocaine Preparations
-Coca leaves --> Coca Paste (60% pure): Not water soluble, so you can't inject it into the bloodstream -- you need an additional chemical step to turn the paste into crystal powder that can be injected or snorted
-Coca --> Cocaine Hydrochloride (99% pure): Doesn't hold up very well to heat, so you can't smoke cocaine hydrochloride
-Cocaine Hydrochloride (99% pure) --> Free-Base Cocaine or Crack Cocaine:
-Reconvert cocaine hydrochloride back to base state by removing hydrochloride from cocaine (that's why it's called free-base cocaine)
-Crack cocaine is a crystallized form, mixture of cocaine and baking soda
-75% pure
-Can be used at lower doses and is much cheaper than cocaine
-Can be smoked</span>
Mechanical stress applied to bone increases osteoblast activity in bone tissue, and the removal of mechanical stress decreases osteoblast activity.
Explanation:
Osteoblasts are cells , that are produced in the bone marrow and are responsible for formation of bones and bone matrix.
Whenever a mechanical stress is applied on the bones , a series of reactions are triggered. As a result the activities of osteoblast increases to synthesize more and more bone matrix to provide strength.
Again on the other hand a decrease in mechanical causes a decrease in the activities of the osteoblasts.
Answer:
Polysaccharide
Explanation:
These are large molecules which are formed from the union of many monosaccharides units through condensation. Excess glucose in the body is stored in form of glycogen and can be hydrolyzed when glucose levels go down. Glucagon stimulates liver cells to break down glycogen into glucose.
