Question

You have a pea plant with a yellow pea phenotype but do not know if the genotype is homozygous (YY) or heterozygous (Yy). What type of cross would you do determine the genotype of this plant and what would be the predicted phenotypes of the offspring?

Answer 1

A test cross must be performed to ascertain this plant's genotype. Yellow and green peas are the anticipated phenotypes of the progeny.

What is a test -cross?

To ascertain whether a progeny is homozygous or heterozygous for a given trait, an F1 progeny is crossed with a double (homozygous) recessive parental progeny (green pea). This is referred to as a test cross.

All of the hybrid's offspring will exhibit the dominant (yellow) phenotype if the mother is homozygous (YY) dominant.

Mother  yellow pea (YY)  x   green pea (yy)   - P generation

                            Y                            y             - Gamete

                          Yy (yellow) , Yy (yellow)         -F1 generation

If the mother is heterozygous dominant(Yy), then half of the offspring will exhibit the dominant phenotype and the other half will exhibit the recessive phenotype and the ratio should be 1:1.

Mother yellow pea (Yy)   x    green pea (yy)   -P generation

                           Y, y                            y            - Gamete

                           Yy (yellow) , yy (green)           -F1 generation

Therefore, it is concluded from the above explanation that we have to perform a test-cross to know the genotype of the pea plant.

Learn more about heterozygous & homozygous here:

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