<span>This is true. Pioneer species are introduced to infertile soil so that the soil may become suitable for growing other plant species. These species do not rely heavily on soil; instead, they live on rocks and minerals. Moreover, they break down these rocks into soil so and eventually create a thicker layer of soil, allowing other plant species to inhabit the same region.</span>
Answer:
Many of the current bacteria originated from ancestors that were more than 3.5 billion years ago capable of turning Solar energy to fuels.
Explanation:
The method of photosynthesis uses Solar energy to generate sugar in water, carbon dioxide and oxygen as waste products to produce plants, algae, and cyanobacteria.
I believe it's number 4 because similar to when wrong blood types are transfused into a body, the immune system will see the donated organ as a foreign object and attack it to protect the organism (human).
Advantage:
Result in variation among species
Disadvantage:
Slow process
