Considering the definition of percentage by mass, the mass of ammonium sulfate that must be added to prepare 200.0 g of a 3.5% solution of ammonium sulfate in water is 7 g.
<h3>Percentage by mass</h3>
The percentage by mass expresses the concentration and indicates the amount of mass of solute present in 100 grams of solution.
In other words, the percentage by mass of a component of the solution is defined as the ratio of the mass of the solute to the mass of the solution, expressed as a percentage.
The percentage by mass is calculated as the mass of the solute divided by the mass of the solution, the result of which is multiplied by 100 to give a percentage. This is:
![percent by mass=\frac{mass of solute}{mass of solution}x100](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=percent%20by%20mass%3D%5Cfrac%7Bmass%20of%20solute%7D%7Bmass%20of%20solution%7Dx100)
<h3>Mass of ammonium sulfate</h3>
In this case, you know:
- mass of ammonium sulfate= ?
- mass of solution= 200 g
- percent by mass= 3.5 %
Replacing in the definition of percent by mass:
![3.5 =\frac{mass of ammonium sulfate}{200 g}x100](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=3.5%20%3D%5Cfrac%7Bmass%20of%20ammonium%20sulfate%7D%7B200%20g%7Dx100)
Solving:
3.5÷100= ![\frac{mass of ammonium sulfate}{200 g}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7Bmass%20of%20ammonium%20sulfate%7D%7B200%20g%7D)
0.035= ![\frac{mass of ammonium sulfate}{200 g}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cfrac%7Bmass%20of%20ammonium%20sulfate%7D%7B200%20g%7D)
0.035×200 g= mass of ammonium sulfate
<u><em>7 g= mass of ammonium sulfate</em></u>
Finally, the mass of ammonium sulfate that must be added to prepare 200.0 g of a 3.5% solution of ammonium sulfate in water is 7 g.
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