Answer:
competition
Explanation:
An ecological community is a naturally occurring group of native plants, animals and other organisms that are interacting in a unique habitat. Its structure, composition and distribution are determined by environmental factors such as soil type, position in the landscape, altitude, climate and water availability(Department of Agriculture).
A climax community refers to the last stage of ecological succession in which the community remains relatively unchanged unless it is destroyed by events such as fire or human interference.
Competition between species in the same habitat is an important biotic factor in discussing ecological succession and the emergence of climax communities. Competition leads to a drop in the diversity of species in a given ecosystem because the dominant species live on and reproduce while the other species die off.
Answer:
Serial dilution method
Explanation:
To make a dilution of 10-1 dilution, the culture containing the <em>E. coli</em> broth has to be diluted to make it as 0.1 dilution.
STEPS TO BE FOLLOWED:
- Take the given test tube with 2 ml of <em>E.coli</em> broth culture.
- Take another new test tube with 9 ml of saline solution or distilled water.
- From 2 ml of broth solution, take only 1 ml of culture and suspend in 9 ml of saline or distilled water.
- Now, 1 ml of culture is suspended in 9 ml of saline and the broth is suspended. This constitute 10-1 dilution
- If this 10-1 is again suspended in another 9 ml of water leads to 10-2 dilution factor.
- This methods can be used for both solid and liquid samples like soil or sewage.
Uses of serial dilution:
- Helps in determining the different species of organisms present in soil.
- Organisms (Bacteria) can be distinctly identified from each other since the organisms suspended count will be less when they are dilutes upto 10-10 dilution.
Answer: =<u>Convergent</u> evolution
Explanation: <u>Convergent</u> evolution occurs when organisms share a trait that originated in an ancestor but changed over time in different populations.
Answer:
d. visceral.
Explanation:
The visceral reflex is one that happens autonomously in the body, aiming to maintain the balance of the body through quick responses to some specific impulses. An example of a visceral reflex is the reduction in body temperature with the release of sweat from the sweat glands.
The visceral reflexes are controlled by the autonomic nervous system, using the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system.