The inference that this passage support is that the Hindus who lived in ancient times believed that sugar had powerful properties
- The story titled " sugar changed the world" talks about magic, freedom, believes etc. It centers around the important of sugar and how it was one of the most important means of trade all over the world.
- The hindus believes in the magical powers of the sugar that is gotten from sugar cane. They believe in the power it carries and how it's properties can be used for medicinal purposes.
Conclusively, the inference that this passage support is that the Hindus who lived in ancient times believed that sugar had powerful properties.
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It looks like this is a system of linear ODEs given in matrix form,
![x' = \begin{bmatrix}10&-1\\5&8\end{bmatrix} x](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=x%27%20%3D%20%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D10%26-1%5C%5C5%268%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D%20x)
with initial condition x(0) = (-6, 8)ᵀ.
Compute the eigenvalues and -vectors of the coefficient matrix:
![\det\begin{bmatrix}10-\lambda&-1\\5&8-\lambda\end{bmatrix} = (10-\lambda)(8-\lambda) + 5 = 0 \implies \lambda^2-18\lambda+85=0 \implies \lambda = 9\pm2i](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cdet%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D10-%5Clambda%26-1%5C%5C5%268-%5Clambda%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D%20%3D%20%2810-%5Clambda%29%288-%5Clambda%29%20%2B%205%20%3D%200%20%5Cimplies%20%5Clambda%5E2-18%5Clambda%2B85%3D0%20%5Cimplies%20%5Clambda%20%3D%209%5Cpm2i)
Let v be the eigenvector corresponding to λ = 9 + 2i. Then
![\begin{bmatrix}10-\lambda&-1\\5&8-\lambda\end{bmatrix}v = 0 \implies \begin{bmatrix}1-2i&-1\\5&-1-2i\end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix}v_1\\v_2\end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix}0\\0\end{bmatrix}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D10-%5Clambda%26-1%5C%5C5%268-%5Clambda%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7Dv%20%3D%200%20%5Cimplies%20%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D1-2i%26-1%5C%5C5%26-1-2i%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7Dv_1%5C%5Cv_2%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D%3D%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D0%5C%5C0%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D)
or equivalently,
![\begin{cases}(1-2i)v_1-v_2=0 \\ 5v_1-(1+2i)v_2=0\end{cases} \implies 5v_1 - (1+2i)v_2 = 0](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cbegin%7Bcases%7D%281-2i%29v_1-v_2%3D0%20%5C%5C%205v_1-%281%2B2i%29v_2%3D0%5Cend%7Bcases%7D%20%5Cimplies%205v_1%20-%20%281%2B2i%29v_2%20%3D%200)
Let
; then
, so that
![\begin{bmatrix}10&-1\\5&8\end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix}1\\1-2i\end{bmatrix} = (9+2i)\begin{bmatrix}1\\1-2i\end{bmatrix}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D10%26-1%5C%5C5%268%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D1%5C%5C1-2i%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D%20%3D%20%289%2B2i%29%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D1%5C%5C1-2i%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D)
and we get the other eigenvalue/-vector pair by taking the complex conjugate,
![\begin{bmatrix}10&-1\\5&8\end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix}1\\1+2i\end{bmatrix} = (9-2i)\begin{bmatrix}1\\1+2i\end{bmatrix}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D10%26-1%5C%5C5%268%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D1%5C%5C1%2B2i%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D%20%3D%20%289-2i%29%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D1%5C%5C1%2B2i%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D)
Then the characteristic solution to the system is
![x = C_1 e^{(9+2i)t} \begin{bmatrix}1\\1-2i\end{bmatrix} + C_2 e^{(9-2i)t} \begin{bmatrix}1\\1+2i\end{bmatrix}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=x%20%3D%20C_1%20e%5E%7B%289%2B2i%29t%7D%20%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D1%5C%5C1-2i%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D%20%2B%20C_2%20e%5E%7B%289-2i%29t%7D%20%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D1%5C%5C1%2B2i%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D)
From the given condition, we have
![\displaystyle \begin{bmatrix}-6\\8\end{bmatrix} = C_1 \begin{bmatrix}1\\1-2i\end{bmatrix} + C_2 \begin{bmatrix}1\\1+2i\end{bmatrix} \implies C_1 = -3-\frac i2, C_2=-3+\frac i2](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cdisplaystyle%20%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D-6%5C%5C8%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D%20%3D%20C_1%20%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D1%5C%5C1-2i%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D%20%2B%20C_2%20%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D1%5C%5C1%2B2i%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D%20%5Cimplies%20C_1%20%3D%20-3-%5Cfrac%20i2%2C%20C_2%3D-3%2B%5Cfrac%20i2)
and so the particular solution to the IVP is
![\displaystyle \boxed{x = -\left(3+\frac i2\right) e^{(9+2i)t} \begin{bmatrix}1\\1-2i\end{bmatrix} - \left(3-\frac i2\right) e^{(9-2i)t} \begin{bmatrix}1\\1+2i\end{bmatrix}}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cdisplaystyle%20%5Cboxed%7Bx%20%3D%20-%5Cleft%283%2B%5Cfrac%20i2%5Cright%29%20e%5E%7B%289%2B2i%29t%7D%20%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D1%5C%5C1-2i%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D%20-%20%5Cleft%283-%5Cfrac%20i2%5Cright%29%20e%5E%7B%289-2i%29t%7D%20%5Cbegin%7Bbmatrix%7D1%5C%5C1%2B2i%5Cend%7Bbmatrix%7D%7D)
which you could go on to rewrite using Euler's formula,
![e^{(a+bi)t} = e^{at} (\cos(bt) + i \sin(bt))](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=e%5E%7B%28a%2Bbi%29t%7D%20%3D%20e%5E%7Bat%7D%20%28%5Ccos%28bt%29%20%2B%20i%20%5Csin%28bt%29%29)
Based on the information given, the alternative hypothesis will be that the observed variables have different effects on the decreasing rates of injury and absenteeism.
It should be noted that the alternative hypothesis suggests a statistical difference between the observed variables.
The question is about the effects of strength training, aerobic training, and yoga on decreasing rates of injury and absenteeism. In this case, the alternative hypothesis will be that the observed variables have different effects on the decreasing rates of injury and absenteeism.
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Answer:
Time and concentration to sit 3 hours straight
Explanation: