The discretionary behavior that is not part of an employee’s formal job requirements and that contributes to the psychological and social environment of the workplace is called citizenship behavior.
Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) is a expression used to describe all positive and productive actions by employees that are not part of the formal job description. What employees do voluntarily supports their colleagues and helps the organization as a whole.
OCBs are not required for the employee's job and are not part of their contractual obligations. Organizational citizenship behavior was first coined by Dennis Organ in 1988. According to the him, the five most common behaviors within organizations are altruism, courtesy, sportsmanship, conscientiousness and civic virtues.
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