Correct answer is d:- bind to cell-surface receptors and stimulate growth and development of target cell
<h3> Growth Factor </h3>
A growth factor is a chemical that occurs naturally and has the ability to promote cellular growth, proliferation, healing, and differentiation. Usually, a protein or steroid hormone is involved. They play a crucial role in the control of numerous cellular functions. Growth factors frequently serve as cellular messengers. Cytokines and hormones are two examples of molecules that bind to particular receptors on the surface of their target cells.
<h3>Types :- </h3>
Growth factors come in various varieties, and many of them were first identified from the tissues of animals like mice and cattle. These substances include somatomedins (insulin-like growth factors), which promote the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland and stimulate growth; epidermal growth factor, which promotes the growth of epithelial cells; platelet-derived growth factor, which promotes the growth of muscle and connective tissue cells; and nerve growth factor, which promotes the growth of neuronal cells. Lipoic acid, which is employed in photosynthesis and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, is a growth factor that is widely distributed in plants, animals, and microbes. Some cytokines, which are tiny proteins secreted by one cell to control the activity of another cell, have growth-promoting properties.
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