Answer:
The three hallmarks of diabetes mellitus, are: polyuria, polyphagia and polydipsia. Polyuria, is the excessive production of urine and it is seen when people constantly need to pee. Polyphagia, is excessive hunger, in which, people constantly express their need to eat something. And finally, polydipsia, is excessive thirst, present in diabetics, who constantly feel the sensation of thirst and tend to drink a lot of fluids. When these hallmarks are present, even sometimes without a test, it can be ascertained that a person suffers from diabetes mellitus, or simply, diabetes.
Explanation:
Diabetes mellitus was the term used to define diabetes in general. Diabetes is defined as a metabolic disorder in which, usually, sugar levels are very high in the blood, due to a problem either with production of insulin, or the insulin present being incapable of performing its function. There are three types of diabetes mellitus: diabetes type 1, with onset in youth, and also called insulin-dependent diabetes, type 2, with onset in the adult, also known as non-insulin dependent diabetes, and type 3, which is gestational diabetes. In all three cases, the three symptoms mentioned above appear, and they are the clearest signs of a possible diabetes.
Answer: d. all of the above.
Explanation:
A typical memory aid that helps in remembering the order in which sound travels from the peripheral to the central components of the auditory pathway would be E.C.O.L.I.M.A.
Sound (high or low-frequency sounds) at first gets to the hair cells of the Ear receptors (E) in Cochlea and cranial nerve number 8 (CN VII), then it gets to the Cochlear nuclei (C) which are cells dedicated to these high or low-frequency sounds.
At the Superior Olivary nucleus (O) sound is localized before it gets to the midbrain - Lateral lemniscus (L) and Inferior colliculus (I). The inferior colliculus receives auditory nerve fibers from ipsilateral superior olivary nuclei through the lateral lemniscus.
Sounds then get to the thalamus at the Medial geniculate body (M) which receives nerve fibers from the inferior colliculus; eventually sounds then get to the auditory cortex.
In summary, ECOLIMA is an easily understandable mnemonic device to help remember how sound waves move from the external ears to the auditory nerves and cortex.
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