Farms used to grow crops mainly for local consumption during the colonial era were called 'haciendas'.
Haciendas are rural, agricultural homesteads found in all Spanish-speaking nations with colonial histories. They were first established in South America during the Era of Discovery when Spain laboriously conquered the New World. Originally, estates were active in mining, raising cattle, and/or farming, and their affluent Spanish owners hired native laborers to manage their lands.
Although the laborers at haciendas were not considered slaves, their employment would undoubtedly be referred to as "forced labor" in modern parlance. Though they were technically free to come and go, their lives were not all that different from slaves' in many ways. Haciendas contributed to the principal exports of Latin America up to the 20th century, including coffee, sugar, beef, leather, various vegetables, and cereals.
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