Question

Discuss an adult lifespan stage, and related issues. relate them to the physical, cognitive and psychosocial aspects.

Answer 1

The answer to the question is shown below.

Adult lifespan:

• There has been little research into the various stages of the adult life span (19-65 years).
• As a result, the relationships between demographic, social, and health-related factors and loneliness were investigated in young (19-34 years), early middle-aged (35-49 years), and late middle-aged (50-65 years) adults.
• A secondary analysis was carried out using a large cross-sectional dataset.
• A self-report survey was used to collect data in the Netherlands from September to December 2016.
• The De Jong-Gierveld Loneliness Scale was used to assess loneliness.
• In total, 26,342 adults aged 19 to 65 years old took part (response rate: 34%).
• Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted among the three age groups to examine associations between demographic, social, and health-related factors as independent variables and loneliness as the dependent variables.
• Loneliness was prevalent in 39.7, 43.3, and 48.2% of young, early, and late middle-aged adults, respectively.
• Loneliness was consistently associated with living alone, frequency of neighbor contact, perceived social exclusion, psychological distress, and psychological and emotional well-being across all groups.
• When compared to late middle-aged adults, the association between ethnicity and loneliness was stronger in young and early middle-aged adults.
• Young adults had the strongest link between the frequency of contact with friends and loneliness.
• From young to late middle-aged adults, the strength of the association between financial insecurity and loneliness gradually decreased.
• Only among young adults was educational level associated with loneliness, while an association between employment status and loneliness was found only among early middle-aged adults.
• Loneliness was associated with perceived health only in late middle-aged adults.
• Only among early and late middle-aged adults was the frequency of family contact associated with loneliness.

Therefore, the answer to the question is shown.

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