Approximate pi plus the square root of 70 to the nearest hundredth.
1 answer:
Answer:
11.51
Step-by-step explanation:
In general, a calculator is required to evaluate the irrational sum ...
π + √70
<h3>Calculator result</h3>The result from a readily-available online calculator is shown in the attachment.
π + √70 ≈ 11.51
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<em>Additional comment</em>
You have probably memorized pi to several digits: 3.1416. To obtain the required estimate means you need to approximate √70 to about the same level of precision.
For a number n = a² +b, the square root can be approximated by the continued fraction ...
√n ≈ a +b/(2a +b/(2a +...))
Effectively, the root (r) can be iterated from the recursive formula ...
r' = a +b/(a +r)
For √70, we have 70 = 8² +6 ⇒ a=8, b=6
If the initial approximation of the root is r0≈a=8, then a couple of iterations gives ...
r1 = 8 + 6/(8 +r0) = 8 + 6/(8 +8) = 8 3/8
r2 = 8 + 6/(8 +r1) = 8 +6/(8 +8 3/8) = 8 48/131
This has sufficient accuracy for the purpose. The decimal equivalent of the sum then becomes ...
3.1416 +8.3664 = 11.5080 ≈ 11.51
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Answer:
(x, y, z) = (3, -2, 4)
Step-by-step explanation:
The attachment shows a solution using a graphing calculator where the first equation is solved for z, and that expression is substituted into each of the other two equations. The solution to that system is (x, y) = (3, -2). Using these values in the expression for z, we find ...
z = 5 -(3 +(-2)) = 4
The solution is (x, y, z) = (3, -2, 4).
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Your graphing calculator and/or online tools can give you the reduced row echelon form of the augmented matrix representing the system:
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If you're solving by hand, you can do the substitution described above to eliminate z from one equation. You can eliminate z from another equation by adding the last two:
-3x -4y +4(5 -x -y) = 15 ⇒ -7x -8y = -5
(-3x -4y +4z) +(2x -y -4z) = (15) +(-8) ⇒ -x -5y = 7
This pair of equations can be solved for x and y in any of the usual ways. Using the second equation to substitute for x, for example, gives you ...
-7(-5y -7) -8y = -5 ⇒ 27y = -54 ⇒ y = -2
x = -5(-2) -7 = 3
z = 5 -(3) -(-2) = 4
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<em>Additional comment</em>
If all that is needed is a solution, we prefer a graphical or matrix approach. These take about the same amount of time. Both require a little additional effort to determine exact values when the solutions are not integers.
