Cardiac disorders affect the structure and/or function of the heart.
These disorders interfere with the heart’s primary purpose: to
pump enough blood to meet the body’s demand for oxygen and
nutrients.
Disruptions in cardiac function affect the functioning
of other organs and tissues, potentially leading to organ system
failure and death.
The emergence of symptoms (fatigue, dyspnea, chest
pain) is common with the progression of cardiac disorders.
Heart failure is a complex syndrome resulting from cardiac disorders that impair the ventricles’ ability to fill with and effectively pump
blood.
The older adult with heart failure may not be dyspneic, instead presenting with weakness and fatigue, somnolence, confusion, disorientation, or worsening dementia. Dependent edema and respiratory
crackles may or may not indicate heart failure in older adults.
Assess the diet of the older adult.
The decreased taste may lead to
increased use of salt to bring out food flavors. Limited mobility or
visual acuity may cause the older adult to rely on prepared foods
that are high in sodium such as canned soups and frozen meals
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