Each atom becomes different from the next by having different number combinations of these subatomic particles. The different numbers of protons electrons and neutrons determine different elements or in other words a pure substance made from a solitary kind of atom
Every element has different qualities or physical characteristics for example oxygen and gold The former is a gas that is one of many elements making up organic matter Where as the latter is solid and inert a non-reactionary element
Solution a is the most acidic.
In a pH scale of 1 to 14, the smaller the pH is, the more acidic is. In opposite, the higher the pH is, the more alkaline it is. We call substances with pH below 7 as acid, and above 7 as alkali, while 7 as neutral.
Therefore, comparing the 4 solutions, solution a has the lowest pH, 3, so it is the most acidic.
YES.The distribution of bases in sea urchin DNA and salmon DNA follow Chargaff's rules because the percentage of A bases is approximately equal to the percentage of T bases, and also the percentage of G bases is approximately equals to the percentage of C bases in both species. According to Chargaff's rule the amount of guanine should be equal to cytosine and the amount of adenine should be equal to thymine.
I think A is the youngest layer, because of the new sediments that fell upon the animal.
