A) In classical conditioning, we need the toddler (US) to discontinue running across a street (UR) by associating it with something unpleasant.
During conditioning, we can use shouting as a neutral stimulus. (NS) Every time the toddler approaches the street (US) it will be associated with yelling. The toddler will then respond to the yelling with fear. (UR)
After conditioning, the toddler will associate crossing the street with fear, without the presence of yelling. (CR)
This method has been proved to generate phobias.
B) When it comes to removing a phobia, it may require <em>systematic desensitization</em>, a type a behavioral therapy based off of classical conditioning. It aims to remove fear (UR)
When the child sees the dog (US) the child is fearful (UR) so we would need relaxation techniques. For example, sweets can be used as a positive reinforcement. (NS)
During conditioning, every time the child is placed with a friendly dog, the child is rewarded with sweets. With enough repetition, the child will willing interact with the dog; play time is the conditioned stimulus, and sense of well-being is the conditioned response.
Answer:
Allows researchers to use their prior knowledge about the population.
Answer:
Answer: Major trading cities grew along and near waterways.
<h2>
<em><u>The answer is B</u></em></h2>
Explanation:
As trade increased between the eastern world and the western world during the renaissance, certain cities in Italy became major centers of trade and so were able to grow to nation state levels.
These cities such as Venice and Genoa were mostly built along or near waterways and as such, saw goods come into their ports and then people from all over Europe would come to these ports to trade thereby increasing their influence and size.
Wade ruling was the driving force behind the rise of the Christian Right in the 1970s. Changing political context led to the Christian Right's advocacy for other issues, such as opposition to euthanasia and campaigning for abstinence-only sex education.
