Farmer joe only breeds the largest hogs, the fastest horses, or the cows that give the most milk. this is an example of artificial selection.
The process by which humans select individual organisms with specific phenotypic trait values for breeding is known as artificial selection. If the selected trait has additive genetic variance, it will respond to selection, i.e., the trait will evolve. All of our domesticated species, including crop plants, livestock, and pets, are the result of selective breeding for desirable traits such as hardy seeds and fruits, increased meat and milk production, and docile behavior.
Although the earliest artificial selection was unintentional, it evolved into a sophisticated science of plant and animal breeding; indeed, much of the field of quantitative genetics was developed to improve breeding programs.
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