Higher-order folding involves association of the DNA with a nuclear scaffold, which contains large amounts of Histone H1 and Topoisomerase II.
<h3>What is Histone?</h3>
Histones are highly basic proteins abundant in lysine and arginine residues that provides structural support for a chromosome. They are found in eukaryotic cell nuclei. They act as spools around which DNA winds, which gives the chromosome a more compact shape, to create structural units called nucleosomes. Nucleosomes in turn are wrapped as 30-nanometer fibers that form tightly packed chromatin. There are five types of histones namely H2A, H2B, H3, H4 and H1 linker histone. Within a nucleosome, they exist as two dimers of (H2A-H2B) and a complex of (H32-H42) eventually forming an octamer.
<h3>What is Topoisomerases?</h3>
Topoisomerases are nuclear enzymes which play essential roles in DNA replication, transcription, chromosome segregation, and recombination.
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