A(n) shark is an example of an organism that can sometimes reproduce asexually by parthenogenesis.
<h3>What is parthenogenesis?</h3>
Parthenogenesis is defined as a special type of asexual reproduction in living organisms which involves the development of female gametes without any fertilization.
However too parthenogenesis occurs in some plants.
There are three different forms of parthenogenesis; these are:
- Arrhenotoky
- Thelytoky
- Deuterotoky.
In conclusion, shark is an example of an organism that can sometimes reproduce asexually by parthenogenesis.
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<h2>Phylogeny and virus</h2>
Explanation:
Human immune deficiency virus forms the major cause of AIDS(Acquired immune deficiency syndrome)
- Phylogenetic analyses have showed that chimpanzees were the original hosts for this class of viruses
- Four lineages of HIV have arisen due to the independent cross species transmission to humans and two of these transmissions may have been through gorillas
- Simian immunodeficiency viruses(SIV) are the closest relatives of HIV infecting wild type chimpanzees and gorillas in west central Africa
- 98% of HIV infections are caused by HIV-1 group M,the virus has a fast rate of evolution and must have circulated within the population of humans for many years
- First species found to be infected naturally were African green monkeys where prevalence of infection is high
- HIV-1 and HIV-2 form a distinct clade within the lentiviruses indicating that humans have acquired their infections from other primates
- Sooty mangabeys(monkey) in West Africa ere the source of HIV-2 strains and there must have been multiple mangabey to human cross species jump
- A virus related to HIV-1 was reported in the year 1989 and was found in two captive chimpanzees in Gabon
- In 1999 a example of SIV was found from a chimpanzee
- Transmission from chimpanzee to humans gave rise to M and N groups which probably occurred in the locations where closely related SIV strains were found
- Most SIV's infect monkey species whereas chimpanzees(like humans)are apes,it is observed that chimpanzees initially acquired SIV's from monkeys
- The opportunities for chimpanzee-or monkey-to-human host jumps have existed for hundreds or thousands of years and it is expected that such transmissions might have occurred in the past
In humans, genes are passed to an offspring from two parents. i think
It is mRNA because RNA, which stands for ribonucleic acid, is a polymeric molecule made up of one or more nucleotides. ... During the process known as transcription, a RNA copy of a segment of DNA, or messenger RNA (mRNA), is made. This strand of RNA can then be read by a ribosome to form a protein.
