The motivation to eat is influenced by option 1.) all of these factors.
Motivation to eat comes from both homeostatic and non-homeostatic factors. Homeostatic refers to physical, chemical, and internal conditions of the human body. When the motivation of eating occurs due to signals sent by the brain, it is called homeostatic eating.
Homeostatic eating includes biological factors. On the other hand, non-homeostatic factors include the factors external to the body where eating is done for reasons other than biological. It includes psychological, social, and cultural factors which initiate the motivation to eat. For instance, stress can trigger the motivation to eat.
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