Question

What structural feature in a molecule is necessary for a gas to absorb ir radiation?.

Answer 1

The structural feature in a molecule necessary for a gas to absorb IR radiation is: a net change in dipole moment due to the vibration or rotation of the molecule.

IR radiation is the infrared radiation. In the electromagnetic spectrum, its value ranges from  700 nanometers to 1 millimeter. The waves are longer than that of visible light and shorter than the radio waves. The waves are not visible to the human eye.

Dipole moment is a vector quantity. It is equal to the charge of the molecules multiplied by the distance between the two charges. In a dipole there is a positive charge at one end and a negative at the other. The direction is considered from negative to positive.

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