The onion model, which elaborates on social penetration as a process by which people "peel back" layers of personal knowledge about others through interpersonal interaction to reach the core, is a good metaphor for explaining how social penetration theory functions.
To learn about someone's "core self," or the most private aspects of that person takes time. The surface of a person that is visible to many others is their public image. The innermost parts of a person, known only to close relationships through disclosure over time, constitute the private self.
The surface, medium, inner, and core personality layers are only a few of the levels that are described by the social penetration hypothesis. Rather superficial information, like preferences for certain types of music and clothing, makes up the superficial layers. In computer-mediated communication contexts like online dating and virtual teams, the theory has also been applied.
To learn more about the social penetration theory:
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