The term "genomic library" refers to a collection of brief DNA fragments that will be submitted to massively parallel sequencing to yield sequence reads, also known as "next generation sequencing," which are DNA sequences or base pairs of those DNA fragments.
A genomic library includes every sequence found in an organism's genome (apart from any sequences, such as telomeres that cannot be readily cloned). It is a group of cloned, restriction-enzyme-digested DNA fragments that include copies of all the DNA sequences found in a genome. An organism's full genome is represented as a collection of DNA fragments put into a vector molecule.
A genomic library could be created using a plasmid vector in the case of organisms with tiny genomic sizes, such E. coli. Only 5000 clones in this scenario (with an average DNA insert size of 5 kb) would provide a higher than 99% chance of successfully replicating the whole genome (4.6 x106 bp).
Lambda phage, BAC, or YAC vectors are used to build the majority of libraries from organisms with bigger genomic library. These can accept DNA inserts that are about 23,45,350 and 1000 kb in size, respectively. Because of this, fewer recombinants are required than with plasmids to span the entire genome.
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