Lincoln was alluding to whether or not the South had actually departed the Union when he described it as a "pernicious abstraction."
<h3>What led the South to break away from the Union?</h3>
Many contend that the Southern states' desire to protect the system of slavery was the fundamental reason behind the conflict. Others downplay slavery and emphasize other aspects, including taxes or the concept of states' rights.
<h3>What made Lincoln pardon the South?</h3>
Lincoln's Reconstruction program was built on the idea that the South had never really left the Union, and his plan for Reconstruction was based on forgiveness. In order to signal his determination to bring the once-united states back together, he therefore issued the Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction in 1863.
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