D. before cells without a true nucleus
Answer:
- Oak trees: primary producers
- Caterpillars: primary consumers
- Blue Jays: secondary consumers
- Hawks: tertiary consumers
Explanation:
A trophic pyramid, also known as ecological pyramid or energy pyramid, is a graphic representation that shows the relationships between different types of organisms (i.e., producers and consumers) at the trophic levels of an ecosystem. The primary producers are autotrophic organisms that obtain energy from sunlight and chemical compounds from nonliving sources (e.g., photosynthetic plants, algae, etc). The primary consumers are organisms that eat primary producers (e.g., herbivores), while secondary consumers are organisms that eat primary consumers (e.g., omnivores). Moreover, tertiary consumers are predators and/or omnivores that eat secondary consumers (e.g., hawks). Finally, decomposers (e.g., bacteria) are organisms that obtain nutrients and energy by breaking down dead organic material (i.e., dead organisms) at all trophic levels into nutrients.
Lithified ash (or ash mixed with pyroclastic fragments) forms a volcaniclastic rock called a Tuff.
- A form of rock called tuff is created when volcanic ash is blasted from a vent during an eruption.
- The ash is transformed into a rock after ejection and deposition. Tuff is defined as rock with an ash content of more than 75%, whereas tuffaceous refers to rock with an ash content of 25% to 75%.
- The thickness of tuff often decreases with distance from the volcano and is usually greatest close to the volcanic vent. The typical shape of a tuff deposit is that of a "lens," not a "layer."
- Tuff may also be thickest on the vent's side that faces away from the wind or on the side facing the direction of the blast.
learn more about tuff here: brainly.com/question/27870503
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Answer:
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Explanation:
- (i) The gravitational force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of masses of the two objects. So, if the mass of one of the objects is doubled, then the force also gets doubled (it becomes 2 times).
- If the mass of one of the objects is doubled, then the force of gravity between them is doubled. ... Since gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of the separation distance between the two interacting objects, more separation distance will result in weaker gravitational forces.
- The distance between the objects is doubled and tripled
- Force thus becomes one-fourth of its initial force. Force thus becomes one-ninth of its initial force.
- Since the gravitational force is directly proportional to the mass of both interacting objects, more massive objects will attract each other with a greater gravitational force. ... If the mass of both of the objects is doubled, then the force of gravity between them is quadrupled; and so on.
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