So, here we have an exponential function.
Remember that an exponential function has the form:

Where a represents an initial amount, and r is the rate of this amount to change. (Increase, or decrease).
So, given that the population of City A in 2000 was 40 thousand people and the population increased by 13% each year, we can say that

So,

For city B:

But something different happens with city C. This is not an exponential function, this is a linear function.
So,

The terms of this expression would be 8x,-20y, and -10. The coefficients are the numbers in front of the variable so they would be 8 and 20 because they are accompanied by a variable.
B. For each hour he works, his earnings go up by $8
Answer: Perpendicular because the second line has a 2/3 slope and starts at 4.