Circulatory- INCLUDES: Heart, blood vessels, blood lymph nodes and vessels, lymph FUNCTIONS: Transports nutrients, wastes, hormones, and gases
Digestive- INCLUDES: Mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach, liver, pancreas, and small and large intestines. FUNCTIONS: Extracts and absorbs nutrients from food; removes wastes; maintains water and chemical balances.
Endocrine- INCLUDES: Hypothalamus, pituitary, pancreas, and many other endocrine glands. FUNCTIONS: Regulates body temperature, metabolism, development, and reproduction; maintains homeostasis; regulates concentration of body fluids.
Excretory- INCLUDES: Kidneys, urinary bladder, ureters, urethra, skin, lungs FUNCTIONS: Removes wastes from blood; regulates conccentration of body fluids.
Immune- INCLUDES: White blood cells, lymph nodes and vessels, skin. FUNCTIONS: Defends against pathogens and disease.
Integumentary - INCLUDES: Skin, nails, hair FUNCTIONS: Protects against injury, infection, and fluid loss; helps regulate body temperature.
Muscular- INCLUDES: Skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle tissues. FUNCTIONS: Moves limbs and trunk; moves substances through body; provides structure and support.
Nervous- INCLUDES: Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sense organs. FUNCTIONS: Regulates behavior; maintains homeostasis; regulates other organ systems; controls sensory and motor fuctions.
Repertory- INCLUDES: Lungs, nose, mouth, trachea. FUNCTIONS: Moves air into and out of lungs; controls gas exchange between blood and lungs.
Skeletal- INCLUDES: Bones and joints. FUNCTIONS: Protects and supports the body and organs; interacts with skeletal muscles, producs red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
The role of respiration is to take in oxygen and push out carbon dioxide. The respiration takes place in the mitochondrian which is found in the cytoplasm.
A line graph would be the best type of graph to show changes over time. A line graph constitutes of a y-axis and an X- axis. The presence of the axis will make is easier to look at the height changes which occur over time. The y-axis of such a graph could show the height, the X axis of such a graph could show the time. Hence, a line graph could be the best one to represent such a change.
The only component that is transmitted from generation to generation is the genetic material (genes), the fact that an individual leaves more descendants implies that their genetic variants (alleles) will be more represented in the next generation. The frequencies of the different alleles will change from one generation to another, and this change will be irreversible when the set of genes in the population is considered, since it is highly unlikely that a previous configuration will be returned in all gene variants. Hence, from a population point of view, evolution is ultimately a cumulative and irreversible change in the proportions of different gene variants in populations. The agents that change the allele (or gene) frequencies of populations, that is, factors of evolution, are mutation, genetic drift, migration, and natural selection. Mutation is a factor that increases genetic diversity. Natural selection is the process by which the gene frequencies involved with certain traits vary from generation to generation, since some variants of the trait have a greater capacity than others to survive and produce offspring. The mutation rate of a gene or DNA sequence is the frequency at which new mutations occur in that gene or sequence in each generation. In each generation there is a gene raffle during the transmission of gametes from parents to children which is known as genetic drift. In the absence of gene flow, gene drift will also lead to local differences in allele frequencies.
