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Brrunno [24]
3 years ago
14

How is the ATP produced in glycolysis like earning a return on an investment ?

Biology
1 answer:
telo118 [61]3 years ago
5 0

Glycolysis is the first step of cellular respiration - the process comprised of series of reactions in which energy is extracted from glucose molecules. The process of glycolysis is almost same in all living organisms.

If we quickly overview the process of glycolysis, we see that it is a process of earning ATPs as a return on ATP investment, why?

  • 2 ATP molecules are invested during the first or preparatory phase pf glycolysis.
  • 2 ATP molecules are formed for each glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate molecule. Therefore, total four ATP molecules are produced.
  • Other than ATP, 1 NADH + H+ is also produced for each molecule of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate.

Therefore,total amount of 2 NADH and  4ATP molecules are produced.

But since, there was an investment of two ATPs during the preparatory phase of glycolysis. Therefore, a total of  4-2=2 ATPs is formed/ So it is like an earning on an investment.

Hope it help!

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Suppose that a dominant allele (P) codes for a polka-dot tail and a recessive allele (p) codes for a solid colored tail. In addi
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If two individual are heterozygous for both traits then there genotype will each look like this PpLl. To find the probability, you need to do a cross with both traits. Each parent has the possibility of giving the following combinations: PL, Pl, pL, pl.
 
                 PL        Pl         pL           pl
PL         PPLL     PPLl     PpLL        PpLl        
Pl          PPLl      PPll      PpLl          Ppll
pL         PpLL     PpLl      ppLL        ppLl
pl          PpLl      Ppll       ppLl          ppll

Polka dot tail/ long lashes: 9/16
Polka dot tail/ short lashes: 3/16
Solid Tail / long lashes: 3/16
solid tail/ short lashes 1/16

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3 0
3 years ago
Distinguish between voluntary and involuntary actions.
sukhopar [10]
<h2>GREETINGS!</h2><h2>_____________________________________</h2>

<u>ANSWER</u><u>:</u>

<h2><u>DEFINITIONS</u></h2><h2>_____________________________________</h2><h3><u>VOLUNTARY MUSCLES:</u></h3>

Voluntary muscles are those muscles which work under our conscious control and can be controlled at will also we can choose choose them when to use and when not to use. These are simply SKELETAL MUSCLES attached to the bone, so all the movements of hand and legs and whatever u do are because of voluntary muscles.

<h3><u>__________________________________________________</u></h3><h3><u>INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES:</u></h3>

the muscles in the human body that do not work under our will and we cant control them. They are mainly controlled by the autonomic nervous system in the body. So, involuntary muscles include all the muscles whose activity which is not controlled by our NERVES. They are also called SMOOTH MUSCLES since they are present as the visceral layer over the organs.

<h2>_____________________________________</h2><h2>DIFFERENCES</h2>

1)      VOLUNTARY MUSCLES are under our control but INVOLUNTARY                 MUSCLES are not under our control

2)      VOLUNTARY MUSCLES are also known as skeletal muscles but INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES are also known as smooth muscles

3)      VOLUNTARY MUSCLES are attached to the bones in the body, but INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES are attached to the soft hollow internal organs.

4)      VOLUNTARY MUSCLES are controlled by the somatic nervous system. INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES are controlled by the autonomic nervous system.

5)      VOLUNTARY MSUCLES  require more energy. INVOLUNTARY MUSCLES require less energy.

<h2>_____________________________________</h2><h2>HOPE THIS HELPS!</h2><h2 />

8 0
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