Answer: B
Explanation:
If glucose and arsenate are both added to the cell extract, at first glycolysis will start.
In step one of glycolysis, glucose is phosphorylated to glucose-6-phosphate catalyzed by hexokinase which splits the ATP into ADP, and the Pi is added on to the glucose.
In step 3 of glycolysis, fructose-6-phosphate is further phosphorylated to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. The enzyme is phosphofructokinase. This again involves hydrolysis of another ATP molecule.
A total of two ATP is used.
Step 6 in glycolysis reaction which involves generation of 2 ATP's molecules is inhibited by arsenate. Hence all other glycolytic reaction would not take place. Therefore no ATP is produced and pyruvate is not produced also.
ATP level decreases because ATP is only used up but no ATP is gained from the inhibited pathway. Also the inhibition of the step 6 enzyme cut short the pathway and pyruvate the end product of the pathway is not formed.
The information from a signal molecule present outside the cell elicits intercellular response when the G protein coupled receptors interact with the wide variety of molecules on the outer surface of the cells.
G Proteins are the specialized proteins having the ability to bind GTP and GDP and is of three units called Alpha, Beta and Gamma subunits which together formed G proteins.
When G protein is activated it will bind GTP and each receptor binds in lock and key method and binding result into conformational change which will trigger a complex chain of events influencing different cell function.
Features exhibited by Signal Transduction System are:
1. Specificity- Signal molecules fits binding site on its complementary receptor. Other signal do not fit
2. Amplification- When enzymes activates enzymes, the number of affected molecules increases.
3. Desensitization- Receptor activation triggers a feedback circuit that shuts off the receptor or removes it from the cell surface.
4. Integration - When two signals have opposite effects on a metabolic characteristics outcome results from the integrated input from both the receptor.
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A. The sea anemone protects the clown fish’s eggs from predators
Because the anemone stings other sea life, but not the clown fish, it can provide safety for the clown fish and its eggs.
Sod, plugging, sprigging, and stolons<span>.</span>
They are all chromosomal mutations but if i had to choose it would be A
