Answer: Many pathogenic fungi are parasitic in humans and are known to cause diseases of humans and other animals. In humans, parasitic fungi most commonly enter the body through a wound in the epidermis (skin). Such wounds may be insect punctures or accidentally inflicted scratches, cuts, or bruises. One example of a fungus that causes disease in humans is Claviceps purpurea, the cause of ergotism (also known as St. Anthony’s fire), a disease that was prevalent in northern Europe in the Middle Ages, particularly in regions of high rye-bread consumption. The wind carries the fungal spores of ergot to the flowers of the rye, where the spores germinate, infect and destroy the ovaries of the plant, and replace them with masses of microscopic threads cemented together into a hard fungal structure shaped like a rye kernel but considerably larger and darker. This structure, called an ergot, contains a number of poisonous organic compounds called alkaloids. A mature head of rye may carry several ergots in addition to noninfected kernels. When the grain is harvested, much of the ergot falls to the ground, but some remains on the plants and is mixed with the grain. Although modern grain-cleaning and milling methods have practically eliminated the disease, the contaminated flour may end up in bread and other food products if the ergot is not removed before milling. In addition, the ergot that falls to the ground may be consumed by cattle turned out to graze in rye fields after harvest. Cattle that consume enough ergot may suffer abortion of fetuses or death. In the spring, when the rye is in bloom, the ergot remaining on the ground produces tiny, black, mushroom-shaped bodies that expel large numbers of spores, thus starting a new series of infections.
Answer:
1.yes we need to be more careful when we cycle down a hill because
*the acceleration due to gravity
*the force of friction of air and hill when we are cycling up the hill.
Blood diffuse is translated into red blood cells
Mammals reached a weight of about 13 pounds within 100,000 years of the extinction event. By 300,000 years after their extinction, they reached a weight of 55 pounds (25 kg), becoming the first purely herbivorous mammalian species. Some mammals weighed more than 110 pounds by 700,000 years after the asteroid.
In the early Paleogene, which was the time after the Cretaceous, it appears from the bones of extinct mammals that they became more terrestrial. According to Professor Janis, the increase in understory vegetation is to blame. "Bushes and shrubs beneath the tree canopy were now a more suitable habitat for these small mammals," she claimed.
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Answer:
1. D
3. A
4. C
Explanation:
Those I am positive are correct (: