Answer:
Direct.
Explanation:
No intermediaries are used to provide goods and services to customers
. Typically seller is the manufacturer or an individual.
The challenge of indirect benefits occurs when the social, economic, or environmental benefits of a company's sustainability commitments do not directly benefit primary customers or clients.
<u>Explanation:</u>
An indirect gain is a profit which can not be directly measured but is still appreciated-as opposed to the more readily quantified direct benefits like decreased headcount or increased revenue. The indirect advantages progress only when the customers or clients are also benefited, otherwise one or another day the failure of such tactics, destruction of image of firm, etc would happen.
Labor productivity is the best illustration of a technology's indirect gain; greater performance does not necessarily contribute to the elimination of an ongoing cost element but is understood in the context that it helps workers to do their roles better and quicker.
Given:
Actual Production 6,000 units @ 1.5 standard hours per unit.
Budgeted hours: 10,000
Fixed overhead cost per unit is $0.50 per hour.
6000 units * 1.5 std. hrs/unit = 9,000 hours
Actual hours: 9,000 hours * $0.50 per hour = $4,500
Budgeted hours: 10,000 hours * $0.50 per hour = $5,000
Fixed Factory Overhead Volume Variance = $5,000 - $4,500 = $500 UNFAVORABLE.
It is unfavorable because the production is inefficient. It is more favorable if the produced units are higher than 6,000 units and the actual hours of production are more than the budgeted hours of production.
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