Answer:
<u>Negative Reinforcement</u> is the process of strengthening a behavior by contingently withdrawing something displeasing.
Explanation:
Negative reinforcement is basically a part of operant conditioning in which the behaviour is increased by avoiding the negative consequences. Active avoidance of an aversive stimulus increases desired behaviour.
<u>For example</u> : Child increases his kind behaviour towards the younger brother to avoid getting scolded.
B. Small diameters is the characteristic of capillaries that causes restriction of blood flow.
Since it is a narrow passage, not a lot of blood can pass through it at the same time.
Answer: In the rest of the digestive tract, it consists of smooth muscle (three layers in the stomach, two layers in the small and large intestines) and associated nerve fibers. The smooth muscle is responsible for movement of food by peristalsis and mechanical digestion by segmentation.
