The word you should have received was:
Independence
Answer:
The growth of trade fairs
A and B is out because these undoubtedly are unique Chinese achievements. So is D. The Chinese are infamous for these things. Other achievements include gunpowder, fireworks, ect.
C is basically the answer because the chinese aren't the only race or country to do so. Many people have done it in the past before them and present in the terms of civilization. It isn't simply uniquely or originally from them.
Europeans tended to have a more industrialized and wealthy populous unlike China where most of the population was poor.
Answer:
Republic, form of government in which a state is ruled by representatives of the citizen body. Modern republics are founded on the idea that sovereignty rests with the people, though who is included and excluded from the category of the people has varied across history.
Explanation: Because citizens do not govern the state themselves but through representatives, republics may be distinguished from direct democracy, though modern representative democracies are by and large republics. The term republic may also be applied to any form of government in which the head of state is not a hereditary monarch.