Answer:
Clusters of cocci (i.e., grape-like cocci)
Explanation:
Cocci (in singular coccus) are spherical-shaped bacteria, while bacilli and spirilli are rod-shaped and spiral-shaped bacteria, respectively (in general, bacteria can be divided into these three categories by shape). <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> forms irregular clusters of cocci (i.e., grape-like cocci) when viewed through a microscope. Some Gram-positive cocci include, for example, <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae</em>. These species are well known to be bacterial pathogens capable of infecting humans.
Answer:
It accelerates the production of a second messenger.
Explanation:
Adenylyl cyclase is an enzyme capable of converting ATP molecules into cyclic adenosine monophosphate AMP (cAMP). The cAMP molecule is considered to be a second messenger that transfers the hormonal signal (i.e., epinephrine) inside the cell. Subsequently, cAMP activates molecular signaling events by binding and thus activating cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). Finally, this last protein (PKA) phosphorylates different proteins that control many diverse cellular processes.
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