Research and development expenses, since these costs are intended to spur future growth, they should be considered capital expenses.
The term "expenditure on research and development" (R&D) refers to all costs associated with conducting research at colleges, universities, and other institutions of higher learning, whether those costs are covered by general institutional funds, specific grants, or contracts with public or private sponsors. Nearly US$ 1.7 trillion has been spent globally on research and development, which is a record high. Approximately 10 nations receive 80% of the money spent on expenditure on research and development. Countries have committed to significantly boosting public and corporate R&D spending as well as the number of researchers by 2030 as part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The total amount spent on R&D, and expenditure on research and development in the US was $607.5 billion.
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It has significantly decreased
<h3>Answer: Neither. They will use International Law. </h3>
Explanation:
When companies from different countries get into a contract, it is quite desirable that they stipulate which country's laws that they will abide by should the need arise.
However, if this is not done, there is still a method of enforcing. When not specifically listed, contract between companies from different countries falls under a branch of Private International law which is International Contract Law which is synonymous with International Sales law.
This law falls under the jurisdiction of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) which came into effect in January 1988.
Both France and the United States of America have ratified the law and so Cowboy Hats is free to take legal action within this framework if they so please.
Answer: Goal acceptance
Explanation:
Most times in organizations, it is the people in leadership positions who set and manage goals for the employees and it is rare for staff to be part of the goal setting process,
Such employees are sometimes not sure of what to do and how to achieve the goals. Such employees are not in charge of their own responsibilities. Employee goal acceptance is when employees are just part of the process when making decisions even though the goals are set by the management.
Answer:
Applied Manufacturing Overheads are $102,000
Overapplied Manufacturing overheads are $18,000
Explanation:
Under or over applied manufacturing overhead can be determined by comparing the actual and applied manufacturing overheads.
Applied overheads can be calculated by multiplying pre-determined overhead rate and actual level of quantity. Predetermined overhead rate is calculated using estimated overhead and estimated activity on which overheads are applied.
In this question the predetermined overhead rate is 120% of direct labor cost.
Applied overhead = Direct labor cost x 120% = $85,000 x 120% = $102,000
Actual overheads incurred = $84,000
Overapplied Manufacturing overheads = $102,000 - $84,000 = $18,000
